Hard twist spinning machine



June 22, 1937. J. KATZ HARD TWIST SPINNING MACHINE Filed March 1, 1955INVENTOR.

gm (7M M ATTORNEY.

Patented June 22, 1937 UNETED STATES %ATEN'E OFFICE Halter, Dover, N.J.,

Application March 1, 1935, Serial No. 8,833

8 Claims.

The present invention relates to hard twist spinning machines and hasfor its general object the provision of improved guiding and tensioningmeans for providing the proper guiding and also the proper degree oftension to the thread in its passage from one bobbin to another as thehard twist is imparted to the thread by the machine.

In machines of the character to which the present invention relates,hard twisting of the thread is usually effected by winding onto awinding bobbin thread which is taken from a feed bobbin, the axis ofrotation of which is angularly disposed usually at right angles, to theaxis of rotation of the winding bobbin. Both the winding bobbin and thefeed bobbin are mechanically driven, the speed of rotation of thebobbins with respect to each other being regulated by suitable mechanismin the machine and the relative speed of rotation of the two bobbinsdetermining the number of twists made in the thread between the feedbobbin and the winding bobbin. Ordinarily, the thread as wound on thefeed bobbin is very slightly twisted, there usually being two twists perinch of the fibers of the thread as it is on the feed bobbin. Dependingupon the speed of rotation of the feed bobbin relative to the speed ofthe winding bobbin, the twisting of the thread is increased to apredetermined number of twists or turns per inch, which may range fromten to sixty-five or more, depending upon the character of the threadand the use for which it is intended.

In order for thread twisting apparatus of the above character tooperateproperly, it is necessary to guide the thread after it comes off thefeed bobbin, and also to provide a certain amount of tension in thethread as it goes to the winding bobbin. For this purpose numeroustensioning devices have been previously proposed, of which the mostcommon are the so-called basket type of stationary tensioning device andthe so-called fiyers adapted to be mounted so as to rotate freely on theend of the feed bobbin spindle toward which the thread is drawn by thewinding bobbin. The arrangements heretofore proposed are, however, notentirely satisfactory since they are inclined to be subject toundesirable clogging from the lint, and furthermore are subject to wearof such a nature that comparatively frequent replacement of the parts isrequired.

It is the principal object of my invention to provide an improved formof apparatus for effecting the guiding and tensioning of the thread,which apparatus is adapted to be readily installed on existing spinningmachines now in use, which is not subject to the disadvantages of thetypes of apparatus heretofore employed for this purpose, and which is ofsuch simple and inexpensive construction that when for any reason eitherthe tensioning or guiding portion of the apparatus, or both, requirereplacement, such replacement can be made at substantially negligiblecost.

For a better understanding of the more detailed nature of my inventionand the advantages to be derived from its use, reference may be had tothe following description of apparatus suitable for carrying theinvention into efiect and illustrated in the accompanying drawingforming a part of this specification.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a more or less diagrammatic view, partly inelevation and partly in section, of a portion of a hard twist spinningmachine of known construction showing my invention applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is a perspective View on enlarged scale of a part of theapparatus shown in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a perspective view similar to Fig. 2 and showing anotherembodiment of the invention.

Referring now to Fig. 1, reference numeral N) indicates a feed bobbinhaving wound thereon the thread I 2 to be twisted. Bobbin I0 isdetachably mounted to rotate with a vertical spindle M the lower portionof which is enlarged to provide a driven roller [6 which is driven bymeans of frictional contact with an endless belt H3. The lower end ofthe spindle is mounted in the usual manner in a bearing (not shown). Itwill be evident that other means for rotating spindle M may be employed,but I have shown by way of example the manner in which such spindles aredriven in commercial forms of spinning machines.

The winding bobbin 20 is mounted in known manner to rotate about ahorizontal axis provided by spindle 22, and in the embodimentillustrated is. shown as being rotated by means of frictional contactwith the rim 24 of the driving wheel 25. Elm 24 is usually covered withcork, rubber or like frictional material to provide the necessaryfriction drive.

A guide bar 28 mounted for reciprocating movement on an axis parallel tothe axis of the spindle 22 is provided with a guiding device 30, whichis ordinarily in the form of an open groove through which the threadpasses on its way to the winding bobbin. This reciprocating guide barserves to feed the thread evenly along the length of the winding bobbin.All of the structure described is of known form and arrangement.

In order to provide the desired guiding and ten sioning of the threadbetween the feed bobbin and the reciprocating guiding device 39, Iprovide, in accordance with my invention, a stationary tensioning memberdisposed transversely of the general line of travel of the threadbetween the feed bobbin and the reciprocating guide device iiii.Preferably, the tension member or bar is disposed substantially at rightangles to the axis about which the feed bobbin rotates. Advantageously,the tensioning member is formed of a bar or wire of circular crosssection, although members of other cross-sectional form may be employed.Preferably, I provide guide members to each side of the tensioningmember, which guide members are advantageously in the form of open eyesor loops into which the thread may readily be inserted. In someinstances, it may be sufilcient to employ only one guide member,situated between the tensioning member and the end of the feed bobbin.The tensioning member and guide members are mounted in any suitableman-- ner between the feed bobbin and the reciprocating guide.

The specific construction of the mounting structure may vary dependingupon the specific design of the spinning machine for which the guidingand tensioning apparatus is intended to be used. In the presentembodiment I have i1- lustrated one form of apparatus suitable forattachment to a known type of spinning machine which is provided with astationary transverse bar 32 situated adjacent to the reciprocating bar.28. In this form of apparatus a metal angle bracket 34 is provided, oneend 36 of which is adapted to be inserted into a bore or slot in bar 32and to be retained therein by means such as a stud or screw 33. Thevertical or depending arm 49 of bar 3d serves to carry the tensioningand the guiding apparatus which, in the present embodiment, is shown asconsisting of a wire 42 bent to provide a tension bar portion 44 and aguide eye Midisposed above the tension bar. These portions of the wire42 are connected by an intermediate portion having a loop 48 adapted tobe engaged by the head of a machine screw or the like 50 threaded intothe bracket 34. Preferably the outer end of the tension bar portion ofthe wire is bent upwardly at Mo, to prevent any possibility of thethread leaving the tension bar. A separate wire 52, attached to thelower portion of the arm 40 as by means of a machine screw 54, providesa 'second guide loop or eye 56 disposed below the tension bar 44. Bar 44and loops 46 and are preferably in alignment as shown.

The operation of the apparatus will be largely evident to those skilledin the art from the drawing. The thread l2 from the feed bobbin is firstpassed through the guide eye 56, then wrapped one or more times aroundthe tension bar 44, then passed through the guide eye 56 and the guideslot of the reciprocating guide 30, before being attached to the windingbobbin 2!]. When bobbins Ill and 20 are rotated at their properlyrelated corollary speeds the thread I2 is unwound from bobbin it, andcentrifugal force throws the thread as it comes from this bobbin outinto the loop lZa, the size of which will depend upon whether the threadis coming off bobbin ll! from the. upper or lower portion of the bobbin.The guide eye 55 serves to bring the thread to a feed point from whichit can pass steadily to the tension bar around which it is wrapped toprovide the desired degree of tension. Thereafter, the

thread passes through the guide eye it to the reciprocating guide 39,which acts as a distributing guide for the winding bobbin 2".

The amount of tension imparted to the thread will depend upon thediameter of the tension bar 44, the larger the diameter the greaterbeing the tension. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art,the amount of tension desired will vary depending upon the character ofthe thread being twisted. I have found, for example, that a tension barhaving a diameter of approximately onetenth of an inch is suitable forthe usual weights of silk thread twisted in machines of this characterto the usual commercial degrees of twist. I prefer to loop the threadbut once around the tension bar, although two loops may be employed tomaterially increase the tension without changing the tension bar. Inorder to change. the tension bar it is, of course, only necessary todetach the wire d2 from the supporting bracket and substitute anotherwire of different diameter. I have found by actual test that a tensionbar of the character described wears very much more slowly than thoseheretofore employed, and have also found that the arrangement shown issubject to much less difficulty due. to fouling from lint than thearrangement heretofore used.

It will be evident that many changes of the With this arrangement thetension bar can be changed without disturbing the guide loops and viceversa.

Obviously, other specific arrangements may be used. For example, theguide and tensioning members may be made from a single piece of wiresuitably bent and with the tensioning member in the form of a singlesection of wire or a multiple j section formed by bending the wire backon itself. While in compliance with the Patent Statutes I haveillustrated byway of example suitable forms of apparatus for carryingthe invention into effect, it is to be understood that the invention isnot limited in its scope to the embodiments shown, but is to beunderstood as including all forms of apparatus falling within the scopeof the appended claims when they are construed as broadly as isconsistent with the state of the prior art.

What I claim is:

1. In a hard twist spinning machine, the combination with feed andwinding bobbins of a thread tensioning device comprising a stationarytension bar of circular cross-section disposed generally transversely ofthe path of the thread in its travel from the feed bobbin to the windingbobbin, the thread making at least one complete turn around said bar. I

2. In a hard twist spinning machine, the combination with a feed bobbinand a winding bobbin of a thread tensioning and guiding devicecomprising a stationary tension member disposed generally at rightangles of the path of the thread in its travel from the feed bobbin tothe winding bobbin said thread passing at least once completely aroundsaid member, and stationary guide loops in the form of open eyes, one ofsaid loops being disposed between the tension member and the feed bobbinand another of said loops being disposed between the tension member andthe winding bobbin.

3. In a hard twist spinning machine, the combination with a feed bobbinand a winding bobbin of a thread tensioning and guiding device com- '306t and upper and lower guide eyes 46 and 56..

prising a stationary tension bar disposed generally transversely of thepath of the thread in its travel from the feed bobbin to the windingbobbin and a pair of stationary guide loops in the form of open eyes,said loops being disposed adjacent to said tension bar at either sidethereof and said bar and said eyes being substantially in alignmentwhereby the thread passes at least once completely around said bar.

4. A tensioning and guiding device for hard twist spinning machinescomprising a mounting bracket adapted to be fixed to the machine, atension bar formed by a bent wire member detachably secured to saidbracket and projecting laterally therefrom, and wire guide loopsdetachably connected to said bracket at either side of said tension bar,said guide loops being in the form of open eyes and said tension barextending substantially at right angles to a line connecting said guideloops.

5. A tensioning and guiding device for hard twist spinning machinescomprising a mounting bracket, a tensionbarproj ecting laterally fromsaid bracket and adapted to carry a turn of thread to provide therequired tension, said tension bar having a portion at the outer endthereof positioned to retain the turn of thread on the tension bar, andguide loops projecting outwardly from said bracket, said guide loopsbeing substantially in alignment with the tension bar at a place on thebar intermediate its ends, the laterally extending portion of saidtension bar being substantially at right angles to a line connectingsaid guide loops.

6. A tension and guiding device for hard twist spinning machinescomprising a mounting bracket, a wire tension bar secured to the bracketand projecting laterally therefrom, the outer end of said bar being bentat substantially right angles to the laterally extending portion of thebar, and a pair of wire guide loops in the form of open eyes fixed tosaid bracket, said tension bar being disposed between said loops and thebent end of said bar being located laterally further from said bracketthan said loops.

7. A tension and guiding device for hard twist spinning machinescomprising a metal bracket, a wire tension bar formed with a loop at oneend for removable attachment of the bar to said bracket by a screw, saidloop being bent so that when attached the bar projects laterally fromthe bracket and the outer end of the bar being provided with an upturnedend portion and a wire guide member having an attaching loop formedtherein for removable attachment of the member to the bracket by a screwand having spaced end portions bent in the form of open eyes, said guidemember and said tension bar being attached to said bracket with thetension bar located between said eyes.

8. In a hard twist spinning machine, a rotatably mounted feed bobbin, arotatably mounted winding bobbin, a stationary guide member insubstantially axial alignment with said feed bobbin for guiding thethread unwound therefrom, and a thread tensioning device including astationary member disposed substantially at right angles to the path oftravel of the thread between said guide means and said winding bobbin,said thread passing in at least one complete turn around said member.

JACK KATZ.

